Hawthorne Essays - Nathaniel Hawthorne, Concord, Massachusetts

Hawthorne Nathaniel Hawthorne, an American novelist lived from 1804 to 1864. Hawthornes works are deeply concerned with the ethical problems of sin, punishment, and atonement. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1825 and returned to his Salem home living in semi-seclusion and writing. Hawthornes exploration of these themes were related to the sense of guilt he felt about the roles of his ancestors in the 17th-century persecution of Quakers and in the 1692 witchcraft trials of Salem, Massachusetts. Hawthornes views on women in male dominated roles were portrayed as the weaker sex. Allegory and symbolism are combined in Hawthornes work to create sarcasm and deep thought to his novels. Allegory is a narrative, either in verse or prose, in which characters, action, and setting represent abstract concepts apart from the literal meaning of a story. Symbolism is used to designate an abstract quality or concept. Through both of these concepts Hawthorne revealed the irony in his writings. These elements helped Hawthorne become a leader in the development of the short story. Dr. Heideggers Experiment contained mostly romantic symbolism. Dr. Heidegger is the perfect example of the scientific world gone mad. Medbourne is mostly interested in the economy and is a corrupted businessman. Killigrien is basically interested only in himself. Gascorgin is a corrupt politician. Wycherly is an example of social scandal and vanity. The allegory is that Hawthorne is concerned with womens roles in a male dominant society and the dangers of applied science. Rappaccinis Daughter is assembled with Romantic and Anti- Transcendentalist elements. Light is one of the main components of symbolism in the story. Dr. Rappaccini is evil and cares more for science than mankind. Professor Baglioni is basically good and practices apt science. Giovanni is Anti-Transcendentalist and Beatrice is Transcendentalist and are both victims of corrupt science. Hawthornes use of nature in Rappaccinis Daughter is used in the allusion to the Garden of Eden. Beatrice was poison and forbidden like the apple in the Garden of Eden. An antidote will destroy poison, therefore when Beatrice drank it, she died. The Romantic elements that both of these short stories contained included absurd dramatic effects such as the rose in Dr. Heideggers Experiment and the butterfly in Rappaccinis Daughter. They also contained works of art and mirrors to reveal truth such as the water from the Fountain of Youth and the garden Dr. Rappaccini created. A Transcendentalist element that both stories had was that the human spirit is reflected in nature. A very important Anti-Transcendentalist element that was included in Dr. Heideggers Experiment and Rappacinnis Daughter was that nature is indifferent, unforgiving, and unexplainable. Book Reports

Serial Killer Michael Ross, The Roadside Strangler

Serial Killer Michael Ross, The Roadside Strangler The story of confessed serial killer Michael Ross is a tragic tale of a young man who came from a farm he loved, and a childhood filled with parental abuse, although he could not remember the experiences. It is also a tale of this same man who, driven by sexually violent fantasies, brutally raped and murdered eight young girls. And finally, it is a tragic tale of a judicial system that is riddled with imperfections in its responsibility of deciding life or death. Michael Ross - His Childhood Years Michael Ross was born on July 26, 1959, to Daniel and Pat Ross in Brooklyn, Connecticut. According to court records, the two married after Pat had discovered she was pregnant. The marriage was not a happy one. Pat hated farm life, and after having four children and two abortions, she ran off to North Carolina to be with another man. When she returned home, she was institutionalized. The admitting doctor wrote that Pat talked of suicide and of beating and striking her children. Michael Ross sister has said that as a child, Ross took the brunt of his mothers anger. It is also suspected that an uncle of Ross who committed suicide may have sexually molested Ross while babysitting him. Ross said he remembered very little about his childhood abuse although he never forgot how much he loved helping his father around the farm. Strangling Chickens After his uncle had committed suicide, the job of killing sick and malformed chickens became eight-year-old Michaels responsibility. He would strangle the chickens with his hands. As Michael got older, more of the farm responsibilities became his, and by the time he was in high school, his father depended a lot on Ross help. Michael loved farm life and met his responsibilities while also attending high school. With a high IQ of 122, balancing school with farm life was manageable. By this time, Ross was exhibiting antisocial behavior, including stalking young teenage girls. Ross College Years In 1977, Ross entered Cornell University and studied agricultural economics. He began dating a woman who was in ROTC and dreamed of someday marrying her. When the woman became pregnant and had an abortion, the relationship began to falter. After she had decided to signup for a four-year service commitment, the relationship ended. In retrospect, Ross said as the relationship became more troubled he began to have fantasies that were sexually violent. By his sophomore year, he was stalking women. In his senior year at college, despite being engaged to another woman, Ross fantasies were consuming him, and he committed his first rape. In that same year, he also committed his first rape and murder by strangulation. Ross said afterward he hated himself for what he did and tried to commit suicide, but lacked the ability to do it and instead promised himself he would never hurt anyone again. However, between 1981 and 1984, while working as an insurance salesman, Ross had raped and killed eight young women, the oldest being 25. The Victims Dzung Ngoc Tu, 25, a Cornell University student, killed May 12, 1981.Paula Perrera, 16, of Wallkill, N.Y., killed in March 1982Tammy Williams, 17, of Brooklyn, killed Jan. 5, 1982Debra Smith Taylor, 23, of Griswold, killed June 15, 1982Robin Stavinksy, 19, of Norwich, killed November 1983April Brunias, 14, of Griswold, killed April 22, 1984Leslie Shelley, 14, of Griswold, killed April 22, 1984Wendy Baribeault, 17, of Griswold, killed June 13, 1984 The Search for a Killer Michael Malchik was assigned chief investigator after the murder of Wendy Baribeault in 1984. Witnesses provided Malchik with both the description of the car a blue Toyota and the person who they believed kidnapped Wendy. Malchik began the process of interviewing a list of blue Toyota owners which brought him to Michael Ross. Malchik testified that during their initial meeting, Ross enticed him to ask more questions by dropping subtle hints that he was their man. By now, Ross was living in Jewett City as an insurance salesman. His parents had divorced and sold the farm. During the interview with Malchik, Ross told of his past two arrests on sex offenses. It was at this point Malchik decided to bring him to the station for questioning. At the station, the two talked like old friends: discussing family, girlfriends, and life in general. By the conclusion of the interrogation, Ross confessed to the kidnapping, rape, and murder of eight young women. The Judicial System: In 1986 Ross defense team moved for a dismissal on two of the murders, Leslie Shelley and April Brunais, because they were not murdered in Connecticut and not within the jurisdiction of the state. The state said that the two women were murdered in Connecticut, but even if they hadnt been, the murders began and ended in Connecticut which granted the state jurisdiction. But then a question of credibility came up when the state produced a statement by Malchik claiming that Ross gave him directions to the crime scene. Malchik claimed that somehow the directions were left out of statements, both written and taped two years earlier. Ross denied ever giving such directions. Evidence in Rhode Island The defense produced cloth matching a slipcover in Ross apartment which was found in the woods in Exeter, Rhode Island, along with a ligature used to strangle one of the girls. The defense also produced a taped statement of Ross offering to take the police to the crime scene, although Malchik stated he did not recall such an offer. Possible Cover-Up Superior Court Judge Seymour Hendel exploded during the closed hearing, accusing the prosecutors and police of purposely misleading the court with lies. Some of the counts against Ross were removed, however, the judge refused to reopen the suppression hearing on Ross confession. When sealed records were opened two years later, Hendel retracted his statements. In 1987, Ross was convicted of the murders of four of the eight women he confessed to having killed. It took the jury 86 minutes of deliberations to convict him and only four hours to decide on his punishment death. But the trial itself faced a lot of criticism in regards to the Judge who presided over it.   Imprisonment During the next 18 years that he spent on death row, Ross met Susan Powers, from Oklahoma, and the two were engaged to be married. She ended the relationship in 2003 but continued to visit Ross up until his death.   Ross became a devout Catholic while in prison and would pray the rosary daily. He was also accomplished at translating Braille and helping troubled inmates. In the final year of his life, Ross, who had always been opposed to the death penalty, said he no longer objected to his own execution.  According to Cornell graduate Kathryn Yeager.  Ross believed that he had been forgiven by God and that he would be going to a better place once he was executed. She also said that Ross did not wish for the victims families to suffer any more pain. Execution Having waived his right to appeal,  Michael Ross was scheduled to be executed on  January 26, 2005, but an hour before the execution was to take place, his lawyer obtained a two-day stay of execution on behalf of Ross father. The execution was rescheduled for  January 29, 2005, but early in the day was postponed again as a question into Ross mental capabilities came into play.  His lawyer said Ross was incapable of waiving appeals and that he was suffering from death row syndrome. Ross was executed by lethal injection on May 13, 2005, at  2:25 a.m., at  Osborn Correctional Institution  in  Somers, Connecticut.  His remains were buried at the Benedictine Grange Cemetery in Redding, Connecticut. After the execution, Dr. Stuart Grassian, a  psychiatrist  who had argued that Ross was not competent to waive appeal, received a letter from Ross dated May 10, 2005, which read Check, and mate. You never had a chance!